Vaporizer for internal-combustion engines



March. 4, 1930. u. w. INGLETON VAPORIZNR FDR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 19, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aii [.llll In I i f l l l- Mar h 4, 1 30. v J. w, INGLETON VAPORIZER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 19, 1925- Patented Mar. 4, 1 930 JAMES WIL IAM xivennron,

or ASTORIA, onneou Application filed March 19, 1925. Serial No. 16,7 43.

The-inventiomrelates to new and useful improvements in devices whereby oils heavier than gasoline may be used in the 'running'of a hydrocarbon engine.

a An object of'the invention is to provide'a carburetor for hydrocarbonengines wherein the limit of the level of the oil in thesupply chamber isbelow the intake port ofthe vaporizin'g chamber 'so'that no oil is forcedby gravity into the vaporizing chamber, and

wherein the vaporizing chamber is so constructed that the exhaust gases may'serve in an efiicient manner to heat they-vaporizing chamber.

fully described.

In the drawings which show by {way of illustration one embodiment of the in'ven- 'tion' Figure l is a side view of a combined apparatus embodying my improvements -an showing the same as connected to' both the intake manifold and'the exhaust manifold;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view in a vertical .plane centrally through the special carburetor for,

" vaporizing and carbureting the heavy oil;

- Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

..speeding ,up the engine;

porizing carburetor, and

, bureting the-heavy oil. "-I- pfre 'thj an ordinary:

the twobeingisoiassembled't t gasqhn'er'nay" I be used for starting fthe'" Fig. 4 is a verticalsectional view through the auxiliary tank'- for positively feeding the heavy oil to the gasifying chamber for Fig. 5 is a modified nozzlewhich mayjbe'used in the special va- Fig. 6 isv a planview of said nozzle.

p The invention is directed broadlyto'aitlep vice which may be used for vap'orizin'g and carbureting oils and the like. In order to carry out this invention, special carburetor for vapori'zing and fame; fuse this;

however; .in conjunction? standard carburetoijforbarb etin the gasolinesupply 'niayj' b if desired, and the engine;

vaporized and carburet (1 ha These and other' objects will part be obvious and will in part be hereinafter more It may also forin of discharge 7 engine. p g Lh'ave provided a: "in air-through the venturi car H and-mixfiit with;-airand'carry it to the; 1nvtake .-'m'ani fold.-

this arrangement,; $1

gasifying' cha her is under vacuum ,substails 9 ?Wlrichfand this aidsiin' the gasifying words, my improvedspecial carburetor can be very readilyattached ,to theordinary standard equipment of a hydrocarbon engine. which is operated ,bylgasoline. The special carburetorwhich I have devised includes a vaporizing chamber which may be made; of

any suitable metal, and which is preferably provided with afseries of: radiating vanes. This vaporizing chamber is placed in an outer chamber .which." is preferably. surrounded!!!) with a suitable heat insulating material, and

which .is provided with'a connection leading to the exhaust manifold, and a connection leading. tothe. usual exhaust discharge, .so

that the exhaust gases fromitheengine passs ing throughthis outer. chamber and in and about the-vaporizing chamberldcated within the same, will quickly and thoroughly heat said vaporizing chambenf: At the upper end OftlllS vaporizing chamber there is a nozzle. 9

whichextends through the outer virall'ofgthe d outer chamber, and. tof-a, point adjacent a Venturi tube. Said Venturi tube is preferabl located onthe receivingend of the pipe which is connected to the intakemanifold of the engine. Preferably, this special. carbu-- retor for the heavy oil's is supported by .the

lower end of-this intake pipe, and-it is sup-' ported in such a way that it may be'rai'sed and lowered. This isp'articularly useful for installing the carburetorv in-an engine. be utilized forsliiftingthe;p'osi-. tion of the "nozzle relativetohthe Venturi tube and thereby ancr'easing 'or decreasin 1y is, controlledby a needlevalve and e drawn into the chamber as demanded by the I v In other words, the engine. drawlng .99

tube will lift the ga'sified oil, from the vaporizing chambe tiallyfiallz thettime; the engine is running,

and the breaking up' of the heavy oil.

Associated with. hismain fe edloffolil to o the special "vaporizing. ca rburetm:,

the suction ofsaid Ventur-i tube onsai nozzle. The oil is fed froma suitable supply -to.this--;vaporizingchamber."f-: The main 'su force feed which supplies oil particularly for speedingu the englne, and during theinitial opening the throttle valve, when the demand for fuel increases rapidly. To this end, I have provided an auxiliary tank which is connected by a suitable pipe to a supply port in the-wall of the vaporizing chamber andat a point well above the needle valve controlled port; This auxilia tank is provided with-a. piston and a' ro said pistonand extending out of the upper end of the tank. The tank, of course, is

closed, except for a supply pipe which enters the tank atflthe lower end thereof, and a discharge pipe which enters the tank at the upper end thereof ,and connects'the same with a port in the wall of the vaporizing chamber.

This piston is connected to the throttle valve located in the supply-pipejust above the Venturi tube, and'when said valve is open,

the piston will be lifted. There is a'byp'ass in the wall ofthis auxiliary tank which permits the oil to pass by avity'from the lower to the upper side 0 the piston when the piston is at azpoint near the bottom of the auxiliary tank, and at this time, the throttle valve is practically closed. This auxiliarytank is so set that theupper endthereof is 7 below the level of oil in. the 'main supply tank, so that when connected as above stated,

7 so that the oil bypasses the piston, the tank will lie filled with oil. The discharge opening, however, with which this auxiliary tank is connected, is above'this oil level sothat chamber, and as the oil is forced into this chamber and runs-down the side wall thereof, it will be at once gasified. If the engine is atfthis time running on the heavy oil supply from the needle controlled port, then this will operate as an additional supply and prevent Q-the stalling ofthe. motor, and at the same time, gives a desirable pick up to the engine. Likewise, when passing from operating the engine on a gasoline supply this additional oil feedmay-be utilized to keep the engine well under speed until the heavy oil is drawn in through the needle valve port by the suction of the engine. It will be understood," of course, that whenever the throttle is nearly closed for throttling down the engine, that the auxiliary tank willbe replenished by the oil bypassing the piston;

so that said auxiliary tank is kept supplied with oil to a sufficient amount to take care of all conditidnsabove stated. I i The invention will probably be better un-' connected to f .ering 14.

ders tood by a detail description of the apparatus which I have designed for carrying out the purposes stated.

Referring to Figure 1, I have indicated at 1 an ordinary carburetor. This has not been shown in detail, as it may be a carburetor of any standard type. The one which I have illustrated is provided with a throttle valve 2 and with the usual flange whereby the carburetor is attached to the intakemanifold 3. It is understood that this carburetor is connected. to a gasoline su ply, and may be used in the ordinary way or starting an engine and for operating the engine, if desired. My

invention, however, is primarily designed so as to rovlde means for vaporlzlng and carbureting a heavy oil which may be utilized foroperating a hydrocarbon engme. To this end, the invention includes a special carburetor indicated at 4. This special carburetor may be attached to any engine equipped in the ordinary way with a carburetor operating with gasoline feed, merely by insertm a fit,- ting 5 between the carburetor and the lntake manifold, and roviding said fitting with an intake pipe 6 in which is located a throttle valve 7 Said throttle valve 7 has an arm 8 attached thereto whereby it may be opened.

and closed. At the lower end of this intakepipe 6 there is a Venturi tube 9. Also attached to the lower end of this pipe is a flange 10, to which is attached my improved or special form of carburetor 4 by means of bolts I1, 11. This improved or special carburetor consists of an outer casing 12-which is preferably surrounded b heat insulating material 13 which is hel against the outer wall of the casin by means of. a sheet metal cov-' ithin the casing 12 there is a chamber 15. The main exhaust pipe'16 is connected to the wall 12 adjacent the upper end of this chamber, and a discharge exhaust pipe 17 is connected to the casing 12 at the opp'osite side and lower part of said chamber. ocated within the chamber 15 is a metal vaporizing member 18. This vaporizing member 18 has a threaded connection with a supporting fitting 19'whichis threaded into the wall 12 at the upper end of the chamber. This fitting 19 has an overhanging flange .20 against the under side 'of which a bracket 21 is clamped by'means of a threaded collar 22. This bracket 21 is secured to the lower ends of the bolts 11. Said bolts are threaded into the bracket, and are held in adjusted positions therein-by jamb nuts 23. The purpose .of these. threaded bolts is to permit the carburetor 4 to be raised and lowered during the installation of the carburetor on the engine. Also threaded into this central fitting 1 9 is a nozzle 24. This nozzle of course, having a threaded connection wit the fittin 19 can be I the nozzle 24 extends into the throat 25. of the Venturi tube, and can be'shifted into said tubeto a greater'or lessextent, by raising and lowering the carburetor thi'ough'the-aid of.

the bolts 11. It will, be understood, of course, that duringthe operation of. the engine, when the throttlevalve 7 is open, air will rush in through the Venturi tube and will createa vacuum at the discharge end of the nozzle 24-,

' which in turn, through its suction on the nozzle, will create a vacuum in the'nozzle and the chamber with whichit is connected. This vaporizing member 18 referred to aboiie, has

' a central vaporizing chamber 26.. The fitting 19- has a passage 27 leading to this chamber 26 and connecting the chamber 26 with a passage 28'. of the nozzle24. Thus, it is is a heavy Deisel oil. Thesupply in-the main tank is controlled by an ordinary float valve, so that the level in the main tank" will be kept at a predetermined point which is below the ports leading into thevaporizing chamber 26 so as to prevent any possible chance of the ,oil in the main tank being siphoned out and into the vaporizing chamber andflooding the s 32 which enters the chamber .15 and is coiled This main tank is connected to a pipe about in the same. and finallv leads to an intake port 33 which is controlled by'a needle" valve 34. This needle valve 34 is mounted in a suitable supporting sleeve extending through the wall, the carburetor where it is readily accessible for adjustment. It will be understood that the exhaust gases passing. through thechamber will not only heat the.

pipe 32 located therein, but will also heat the member 18 having'the radiating vanes and containing thevaporizing' chamber.

Associated with thisinain supply tank is an auxiliary tank 35, which may be attached to the main tank 29' onto the outer casing main supply tank '29. The'auxiliary tank is eqmppedjwith a piston 37 attached to the lower endby a piston rod 38. This piston rod passes through a head 39 screwed into the upper endof the auxiliary tank, and saidhead is also provided with suitable packing" to prevent any leakage by the piston rod.

fpiston, into 40 leads from the upper end of the tank or the cylinder containing this auxiliary port 41. This intake port41 is ldcated at some distance above the intake port 33 con-.

trolled by the needle valve, as shown in Fig.

with myimproved vaporizing and reting devices, the engine'is preferably'startthe chamber 15 andto an inlet 2 of the drawings. The inner wall ofthe aux.-

end of the tank, oil may pass in through the pipe 36 and through the bypass 42 to the upper side of the piston, and thus fill the aux iliary tank. The upper end ofthe tank is slightly belowthe liquid level in the main tank 29, so that this auxiliary tank wilL-be q filled with'the heavy oil. The inlet port 41,

however,-connected with the auxiliary tank, is well above the level of the oiltherein, so

that the oil cannot siphon out through this inlet port. The piston rod 38 is connected by the aid-of suitable links and levers with the arm 8 controlling the throttle valve, as

- clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, so

thatwhen thethrottle valve is open or closed, I

the piston will be raised or lowered in said auxiliary tank. .The purposeof this auxjiliary tank and the lifting of the piston is to force a suitable supply of oil through the upper intake port 41 into the vaporizing chamber. When the throttle valve is'closed 'or nearly closed, the piston-is at the lower end of the auxiliary tank,-and the oil may bypass to the upper side of the piston.

-When, however, the piston has been raised'to the position shown-in Fig. 4, then the bypass is closed, and only the oil above the piston can be forced over into the vaporizing chamber. I

In the operating of an engine equipped carbu:

ed by the use of the gasoline and through the opening of the throttle valve of the car 'buretor' 1. Atthis time, the throttle valve of the carburetor 4 for the heavy oilis closed.

As soon as the engine is underway, theexs v hau'st gases will pass into the chamber v15 and thoroughly heat up all the interior parts ofthe carburetor 4.- This includes the oil pipes extending-into the same, and partic: ularly the vaporizing member 18 containing the vaporizing chamber 26.. -When the engine 7 is well warmedup, then the throttle valve 7 may beopened so that the engine may be supplied with the gasified heavy oil. The 0 ening of this 'valve7-results in the lifting o the piston 37 in the auxiliary tank, which=in turn will force a'certainamount. of the 'oil from the auxiliary tank through'the inlet port 41. This'oil passin'ginto the vaporizing chamber will'be at once entirely vaporized or gasified. At the sametime, when the throttle valve is open and the oil forcibly fed into the g'asify-. ing chamber, air will pass through the Venturi tube and the pipe 6 into the intake'maniuum which will suck the vaporized oil from the vaporizing chamber 26 through the discharge nozzle 24 and'th'e vaporized oil will "-fold. This in-rushing air will'create a vacfold where it will operate the engine in, the

usual way. Of course, only asmall amount of oil is forcibly fed to the asifying chamber, and this is primarily or speeding up the engine and creating a proper suction to draw the oil in through the needle controlled port 33. At the same time the engine. may

e .supplied with the gasiiied gasoline and 0 erated in conjunction therewlth, if so degrooves although the numbermay be varied sired. In other words, the carburetor for the gasoline is entirely independent from the carburetor for theheavieroil and may bensed simultaneously therewith, or in part therewith, as is desired. When the suction is sufficient, the heavier oil will be drawn in through the intake port 33'contro1led by the needle valve, as above stated, and as the oil comes in. through this intake port into the vaporizing chamber 26, it will be at once gasified. Inasmuch "as this chamber is contmuously under a vacuum through the suction in the Venturi tube,'t-he incoming hea oil will be quickly vaporized and'thoroughly" broken up, and be entirely in a gasified form- In other words, the 'chamber26 does not fill with the'heavy oil which rises and overflows through the nozzle 24. It is lifted out of the vaporizing chamber vin the'gasified form, as ust stated. When the throttle valve is opened to increase the fuel fed to the engine,

the amount of oil in the mixture will be com-' oughly gasi and enrich the extra air coming in'through the Venturi tube.

It will be noted that the inner member 18 with its radiating vanes extends substantially across the entire width of the chamber 15 so that the exhaust g ses from the engine will necessarily come in contact therewith 1 and the radiating vanes formed thereon.

- It will also be noted that the heavy oil is drawn through the intake port 33 by the vacuum created in the vaporizing chamber 26. This vacuum is in turn created by the air I passing through the ,Venturi tube into the intake manifold, and this inturn is controlled, of course, b the demand of the engine. Therefore, t 5 amount of hea oil supplied tothe vaporizing chamber is in small increments determined by the need of 'theengine, and as this small portion of oil enters the vaporizing chamber, it will be atonce vaporized. Of course, if the engine increases'in speed, the demand will increase, and more oil' will be drawn in. In other words, the vaporizing chamber 26 is subject to thesuction ofthe engine at all times, so

that no unvaporized oil can accumulate therein. V Q

In Figures 5 and 6,-I have shown a slight- Ulv modified form of. nozzle which may be substituted for the nozzle-'24 shown in Fig.

2.. This. nozzle consists "of a body portion 42 which is provided with a thread where- &y it may be screwed into the fitting 20.1 hi

and body portion thereof are ports through which the va orizedoil passes. This nozzle is. also provi ed with radial grooves I have shown eight of these radial to suit t e conditions and results sought tdbe, obtained. These radial grooves open at the side of the nozzle and the end of the nozzle, and the bottom of the groove is curved as in-,' dicated by the'broken line 46' in Fig. 5. The

purpose of these grooves is to take in air, and by arranging the' grooves as described, the

air will be directedto the center of the multiple jetspassing through the ports 44. This intermixing of the air andthe vaporized oil will greatly aid in the forming of a combustie ble mixture. It is understood that, the air does not in any way-mix with-the vaporized oil until the oil leaves the"nozzle,-but.1itus -thoroughlyintermixed-with the various jets as they come out of the-nozzle. Of course, the air iscaused to ass through these radial grooves by thesuction of'the engine, and the air is taken .into'the throat of the Venturi tube-which operates to thoroughly mix the air with the vaporized oil.

It is obvious that changesmay bemade in I the arrangement of the devices selected and also in the details of the vaporizing means for the heavy oil w'ithoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims Having thus described the invention, what I claimas newand desire to secure by Letters- Patent,is- W 1. A carburetor comprising a casing form ing an outer chamber, avertically dlsposed member located within said outer chamber and having a vaporizing chamber formed therein, means for passing the exhaust gases from a hydrocarbon engine through said outer chamber for heating the vaporizing chamber, a-supply tank'associated with said casing, a ipe leading from the supply into the outer c amber and in a circuitous path in said chamber to an intake port formed in the wall of the member located in the casing for feeding oil to the vaporizing chamber, a. needle valve for controlling said intake ort, said intake port being disposed at an e eva tion above the SUIJfaCB of the oil in the suppl tank whereby the oil is drawn from the ta into the vaporizing chamber by the suction force of the engine, said member containing the vaporizing chamber bein circular in cross section and having horizontally projectin ribs, said ribs extending from one side 0 the casing to the other, the intake for the exhaust gases being at one side of said member and the outlet at the other whereby the exhaust gases pass between the ribs for heating said member. a i

2. A carburetor comprising a c'asinghavin an outer chamber, a vertically disposed b o I I member located in saidxcasing and havlng a vaporizing chamber therein, means attached to the casing for suspending said member in said casing, an intake port in said member leading to the vaporizing chamber for delivering oil to said chamber, a supply chamber,

a pipe connected with said supply chamber and passing through said casing in and in a circuitous path about said outer 0 amher and connected with said intake port, a nozzle connected to said member, and a Venturi tube associated with said nozzle and the intake manifold of a hydrocarbon engine, said intake port being disposed above the level ofthe oil in the supply chamber whereby oil is drawn from said supply into the vaporizing chamber vaporized and mixed with air and supplied to the intake manifold of the hydrocarbon engine by the suction of i the engine, and means for passing the exhaust gases into and out 0t said chamber for heating the member containing the vaporlzing chamber.

In testimon whereof, I aflix signature. 3o, JALIE WILLIAM IN LETON. 

